Pile fabric and method of making the same



Dec. 8, 1931. H. MELLOR 1,835,316

FILE FABRIC AND METHOD OF MAKING THE SAME Filed Jan. 23, 1931 I i Y// /-l ///y/i '/i zl I 7 W I I I up z o 22 3 4 s s 7 a s so u 2 lnvenToT". Herace Melior 1 i b 7@M$MIW I Anya:

Patented Dec. 8, 1931 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE HORACE MELLOR, 0F SANFORD,

MLAINE, ASSIGNOR TO SANFORD HILLS, OF SANFORD,

Application filed January 23; 1931. Serial 1T0. 510,883.

This invention relates to a pile fabric and a method of producing the same by first weaving it' double as on a double pile fabric loom.

The object of the invention is to provide such a method and produce such a fabric in which the fabric presents in a redetermined sequence rows of cut pile and rows of looped or uncut pile.

While the fabric of this invention may be woven by various instrumentalities, it is particularly designed for weaving in an ordinary type of double pile fabric loom.

The drawings illustrate chiefly diagrammatically the general construction and method of operation in the formation of preferred forms of the fabric embodying the invention.

In the-drawings:

Fig. 1 is a greatly distorted diagrammatic view showing the general relation of the warps and filling in the formation of a section of the fabric.

Fig. 2 is a diagram further illustrating the form of fabric shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a diagram illustrating the fabric shown in Figs. 1 and 2 after the two layers of the fabric are cut apart.

Figs. 4 and 5 are diagrams similar to Figs. 2 and 3 of a variation in the form of the fabric.

Figs. 6 and 7 are diagrams similar to Figs.

2 and 3 of another variation in the form of vTh the fabric.

Fig. 8 is a view in perspective showing in a general way the form and appearance of the completed fabric illustrated in Fig. 1. r

In the weaving of the fabric, two separate backs are simultaneously formed. Each back comprises two ground warps interlaced with filling. The pile is formed from a pile warp, each thread of which interlaces in W form alternately with the filling of the two backs. In Fig. 1 the upper back comprises the two ground warps 1 and 2 and the picks of filling3 to 16, inclusive. The lower back comprises the ground warps 17 and 18 and the picks of. filling 19 to 32, inclusive. The ground warps and the filling in each back are interlaced in a manner to be further described. I

The faces of the two backs, as usual, face each other, and such terms as raising, lowering under, over, etc., are herein used with the face of each back being considered as the top and the opposite side of each back being considered as the bottom.

The various elements of the fabrics may be composed of any suitable arns. The invention is particularly useful in the formation of pile fabrics in.which the ground warps and filling are of such material as cotton, while the pile is of mohair or other suitable fibre giving a pleasing, durable and useful face.

The pile is formed from a pile warp, each thread of which interlaces in W form alternately with the filling of the two backs. Two of the threads of the pile warp are shown at 33 and 34 thus interlaced. As the fabric is completed, it is severed into its two parts or sections by suitable means by severing midway the two backs the pile warp extending therebetween. This leaves rows of cut pile as determined by the weave.

The object of the invention is to produce in combination with these rows of cut pile rows of looped pile arranged in predetermined sequence with the rows of the cut pile. There is thus simultaneously produced two fabrics each having rows of cut pile and looped pile presenting an attractive appearance and useful for upholstery and many other purposes. e rows of looped pile are essentially formed by inserting into each layer of the fabric a pick of filling on top of all of the ground warps and under the pile warp and then beating this pick of filling on top of the preceding pick of filling so as to raise and hold the pile warp in the form of a loop.

The method will be readily understood from a consideration of Fig. 1 which in diagrammatic and much distorted form shows the general relation of the various picks of filling and warp ends with respect to each other. In the particular construction there illustrated, one repeat is shown transversely and two repeats longitudinally. Beginning at the left, the end 1 of ground warp in the top fabric extends under the pick of filling 3, over 4, under 5 and 6, over 7, under 8, 9 and 10, over 11, under 12 and 13, over 14, under 15 100 and 16. The next ground warp end 2 extends over 3, under 4, over 5 and 6, under 7 and 8, over 9 and 10, under 11, over 12 and 13, under 14 and 15, over 16. In the bottom fabric the next ground warp end 17 extends under 19, over 20, under 21 and 22, over 23, under 24, and 26, over 27, under 28 and 29, over 30, under 31 and 32. The next ground warp 18 extends over 19, under 20, over 21 and 22, under 23 and 24, over 25 and 26, under 27, over 28 and 29, under 30 and 31, over 32. The ile war end 33 forms a W in the top layer y extending under 3, over 4, under 5, then passes across to the bottom fabric forming another W extending under 22, over 23 and 24, under 25, then passes to the top fabric forming another W extending under 10, over 11, under 12, then passes to the bottom fabric forming a fourth W extending under 29, over 30 and 31, and under 32. The second 1 e warp end forms a similar succession of 's', first in the bottom fabric extending under 19, over 20, under 21, then in the top fabric extending under 6, over 7 and 8, under 9, then in the bottom fabric extending under 26, over 27 under 28, then in the top fabric extending under 13, over 14 and 15, and under 16.

It will now be seen in the second and fourth transverse rows of Ws that in both layers of the fabric the upwardly projecting loop of the W between the ends which extend between the two fabrics lies over two picks of filling, for example, in the second row in the upper fabric the loop 35 iies over the picks 7 and 8 and in the bottom layer the loop 36 lies over the picks 23 and 24. It will further be seen that while the picks 7 and 23 are interlaced with the ground warps, the picks 8 and 24 lie on top of all the ground warps and under the pile warp. Consequently, as the weaving proceeds and the picks are simultaneously beaten in, the ick 8 will be beaten on top of the pick 7 an the pick 24 will be beaten on top of the pick 23, thus throwing up an elongated loop from the face of each fabric as better illustrated in Fig. 8.

Fig. 2 illustrates in simple diagrammatic form the weave shown in Fig. 1. The two layers of fabric are cut apart, preferably as the weaving or formation proceeds, by cutting the pile warps midway between the two layers of fabric. The line of cut will therefore extend between the elongated loops such as 35 and 36 and right across the pile warp ends extending between the two fabrics. As a result, each layer of fabric presents the construction shown diagrammatically in Fig. 3, that is, first a row of cut pile, then a small rib such as resulting from the pile warp extending over picks of filling such as 4 and 20, then a row of cut pile, then a row of elongated loops such as formed at 35 and 36, then a re peat. i

The sequence of the rows of cut and looped pile may be varied quite ad libitum to produce various effects. Two such variations are illustrated diagrammatically. In Figs. 4 and 5 all the Ws are formed with the central section over two picks, one of which is free to be beaten in on top of the other. This gives in the completed fabric alternating rows' of cut pile and elongated looped pile. In Figs. 6 and 7 the repeat is a row of cut pile and a row of elongated looped pile alternating three times, then a row of cut pile with a little rib such as formed over the pick 20 alternating three times.

In Fig. 8 there is illustrated somewhat less diagrammatically the construction of the lower layer of fabric shown in Fig. 1 which is, of course, a duplicate of the upper layer.

While in the constructions illustrated the portions of the Ws between the arms thereof which form the elongated loops are shown as extending under one pick, over two picks. and under one pick of filling with one of the two central picks beaten in on top of the preceding pick, it will be apparent that the number of picks of filling between the arms is not limited to four so long as the elongated loop between the arms is formed by beating up a pick lying on top of the ground warp and under the pile warp onto the top of a preceding pick of filling.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed'as new, and desired to be secured by Letters Patent, is:

1. The method of weaving double pile fabric which consists in simultaneously forming two separate fabric backs each comprising two ground warps and filling and comprising a pile warp each thread of which interlaces in W form alternately with the filling of the two backs and, at predetermined intervals in the simultaneous formation of similarly disposed rows of the said Ws in each of the two backs and after the pick holding the row of arms of the Ws extending from the opposite back has been beaten up, in (1) raising the pile warp and one ground warp and lowering the other ground warp, (2) inserting and beating up a pick of filling,

(3) lowering the other ground warp, (4) inserting and beating up a second pick of filling, (5) lowering the pile warp and the firstmentioned ground .warp, (6) inserting and beating up a third pick of filling preceding the other row of arms of the Ws which are to extend to the opposite back, whereby the second pick of filling is forced under the pile warp and over the two ground warps onto the top of the first pick of filling thus to form a row of elongated pile loops. and in severing midway the two backs the pile warp extending therebetween thus producing two similar pile fabrics each having in a predetermined sequence transverse rows of cut pile and uncut looped pile.

2. The method of weaving double pile fab- "and lowering the other ric which consists in simultaneously forming two separate fabric backs each comprising two ground warps and filling and comprising a pile warp each thread of which interlaces in W form alternately with the filling of the two backs and, at predetermined intervals in the simultaneous formation of similarly disposed rows of the said Ws in each of the two backs and after the pick holding the row of arms of the Ws extending from the opposite back has been beaten up, in 1) raising the pilewarp and one ground war round warp, (2 inserting and beating up t e next succeedin pick of filling, (3) lowering the other groun warp, (4) insertin and beating up the second succeeding pic of filling, (5) lowering the pile warp and the first-mentioned groun warp, (6) inserting and beatin up the third succeeding pick of filling hol ing the other row of arms of the Ws which are to extend to the opposite back, whereb the said second successive pick of filling. is orced under the pile warp and over the two ground warps onto the top of the preceding pick of filling thus to form a row of elongated pile loops, and in severing midwa the two backs the ile warp extending there etween thus pro ucing two similar pile fabrics each having in a predetermined sequence transverse rows of cut pile and uncut looped pile.

from the face of each febricswhich consists in inserting a pick of filling in each layer of the fabric on top of all of the ground warp beneath the pile warp'snd beating it u on top of the precedingpick of fillin with of said icks inserted between t e arms of the Ws t us to form an elongated loop in the pile warp projecting from the of each layer of the fabric. 7

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specificatio HORACE MELDOR.

3. A pile fabric having a fabric back comprising two ground warps and filling interlaced with the ground warps, a ile warp interlaced in transversed rows of s with the filling, certain rows of the said Ws between the free upstanding arms thereof looped overtwo superimposed picks of the filling to prewith the rows of cut pile formed by said free upstanding arms.

4. A pile fabric having a fabric back comsent rows of elongated pile loops alternating prising two ground warps and filling interlaced with e ground warps, a interlaced in transverse rows of W with the filling, every other row of the said Ws between the free upstanding arms thereof looped over two superimposed picks of the filling to present a row of elongated pile loops alternatin with the rows of cut pile formed by said ree upstanding arms.

ile warp s 5. A pile fabric having a fabric back com- I I prising two ground warps and filling interlaced with the ground warps, a terlaced in transverserows of s with the filling, certain rows of the said Ws interlaced with four successive icks of fillin with the intermediate upstan ing loops 0 the Wsv extending over two superimposed picks-of the filling, the said Ws thus presenting two rows of cut pile and an intermediate row of looped pile.

6. The ste in the weaving of a double pile fabric in which the pile wa presents a series of transverse rows of s projecting pile warp in. 

